Describe in detail white box testing techniques

Thus, as many structural loopholes as possible may be identified. To calculate Branch Coverage, one has to determine the minimum number of paths which can make sure that all the sides are covered. In this case there is no single path which will make sure coverage of all the edges at once. That is to imply, every decision is made in both true and false forms. It aids in verifying all of the code’s branches, ensuring that none of them lead to abnormal application behavior.

Testers need to have in-depth knowledge of programming language to perform this testing. By combining the above two paths we have covered all the edges A,B,C,D,E,F,G, and H. This technique is used to ensure that every possible path is executed and tested. If the tester has code-level knowledge of the system or https://globalcloudteam.com/ system component being tested then it’s possible for the tester to gain a deep understanding of the system. Testing based on an analysis of the internal structure of the component or system. Helps in finishing the software development process faster, thus, helping in increasing productivity and efficiency.

What is Decision Coverage Testing ?

100% decision coverage implies both 100% branch coverage and 100% statement coverage. Decision coverage technique is one of the white box testing technique which gives the decision coverage to Boolean values. This technique reports both the outcomes either true or false of the Boolean expressions. Decision coverage technique comes under white box testing which gives decision coverage to Boolean values. This technique reports true and false outcomes of Boolean expressions.

Condition Coverage Condition coverage testing is carried out to check conditions which are generally Boolean expressions and provide result in TRUE or FALSE. Condition coverage may or may not cover the entire decision coverage. In this process only those conditions that return true or false are tested. The expressions that returns a Boolean condition generally plays a very important role in the final decision.

Developers

This technique focuses on having a more in-depth test of complex conditions that represent the underlying rules for a decision in a control flow graph. Within the business processes, the underlying rules of the decision points may evenly contain complex conditions. Decision coverage testing is one of the white box testing technique which gives decision change to Boolean values. It helps in validating all the branches in the code and makes sure no branch leads to abnormal behavior of the application.

Branch Coverage is a white box testing method in which every outcome from a code module is tested. The purpose of branch coverage is to ensure that each decision condition from every branch is executed at least once. It helps to measure fractions of independent code segments and to find out sections having no branches. Black box testing is defined as a software testing methodology in which the tester analyzes application functionality without a thorough knowledge of its internal design. Conversely, white box testing is defined as a software testing methodology in which the tester’s knowledge of the application’s internal workings is leveraged during testing. A detailed explanation and the critical differences between black box and white box testing are covered in this article.

Code Coverage Techniques and Tools

Techniques like this are battling for existence in a world that is becoming increasingly agile-driven. Adopting agile approaches does not include putting off any tasks to meet the project effectively. Infrastructure as code is defined as the continuous practice of using programming languages and… Mutation testing – Mutation testing checks code resilience by making small changes to the code structure. Black box testing checks that the system as a whole is working as expected. White box testing can uncover structural problems, hidden errors and problems with specific components.

Statement coverage is a white box testing technique that ensures all executable statements in the code are run and tested at least once. It is also known as branch coverage or all-edges coverage or edge testing. It is one type of white box testing technique that ensures that all the statements of the source code are executed at least once. It is used to design test box cases where it will find out the total number of executed statements out of the total statements present in the code. Expression Coverage is used to test and evaluate the variables or sub-expressions in the conditional statement. It ensures that the tests cover both the conditional statement values, i.e., true or false.

Techniques

In order to select a coverage method, the tester needs to check the cost of the potential penalty, lost reputation, lost sale, etc. Let’s understand this with an example, how to calculate statement coverage. Now that we have attained a total decision coverage of 100% (50 + 50), let’s summarize the result in the form of a table. These statements are also referred to as control flow statements.

• In this coverage method, you need to look for how many time-specific states are visited, transited.
• It is also known as branch coverage or all-edges coverage or edge testing.
• Statement coverage helps uncover unused statements, unused branches, missing statement that are referenced by part of the code, and dead code left over from previous versions.
• The thick line indicates which part of the code is time-consuming and when the lines would appear as thin, this means that the program’s efficiency has been improved.
• And, conditional coverage is used to test the variables used in different types of conditional statements like IF / ELSE, SWITCH etc.
• It helps in developing the software product faster by increasing its productivity and efficiency.
• Statement coverage will include those statements that are executed at least once during the execution of the program.

Based on the above example, the tester will create a decision table with all the probable outcomes. Once the flow graph is prepared, all the paths the journey might take must be mapped for testing and framed as test cases. Once the developers update the application, the testing team retests the previously reported problem areas and checks if they have been fixed. Testing methodologies such as equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis are used to determine sets of valid inputs and their predicted outputs. The process begins with the testing team understanding the requirement statement of the application.

Multiple Condition Decision Coverage

Testers draw a control flow diagram of the code, such as the example below. Ensuring that tests are performed from the user’s perspective, like in black box testing. Expensive as one has to spend both time and money to perform white box testing. So to achieve 100% decision coverage we will need minimum 5 test cases. White box testing is a helpful way to simulate the actions of testers who have complete knowledge of the internal operations of the target system. It gives the tester complete access to the internal information of the program.

To calculate branch/decision coverage, you need to determine the total number of branches in the code and the number of branches that have been executed during the testing. Branch decision coverage is then calculated by dividing the number of executed branches by the total number of branches and multiplying by 100 to get a percentage. To calculate statement coverage, you need to determine the total number of statements in the code and the number of statements that have been executed during the testing. Statement coverage is then calculated by dividing the number of executed statements by the total number of statements and multiplying by 100 to get a percentage. Let’s suppose that we already have the following test, which gives us 100% statement coverage for code sample 4.3. Detailed testing with the white box testing approach is significantly more demanding if the application covers many different areas, such as the Gojek Super App.

White box testing technique

It provides simple principles that allow testers to determine when testing is complete. Therefore, ensuring that crucial systems and components are bug-free is essential. https://globalcloudteam.com/glossary/decision-coverage/ And thorough testing is necessary to ensure that a mission-critical system is bug-free. Ensure the high-quality performance of your systems through testing.